I think there is a distinct difference between some of the used concepts. Some universities, and I am following that path, use offshoring (the question is whether the correct word is offshoring or off shoring) as a general concept for internationalization at large. In that case it includes import, export, licensing, (both ways) leasing, all kind of partnerships and alliances, including joint venture, etc .
That means that according to that understanding offshoring includes outsourcing and insourcing.
The word insourcing is often used when work is outsourced to another member-company in the same group; an transaction between companies that are owned by the same group.
Offshore-outsourcing therefore means outsourcing in another country. This in contradiction to having work done by another party in one’s own country which is also outsourcing, but not offshoring-outsourcing. Should we now introduce the word inshoring-outsorcing in order to differentiate between offshoring-outsourcing?
Near shoring: what is the difference between nearshoring and offshoring? When does nearshoring become offshoring? After 150 KM? 500 km? 1500km. If we use the word nearshoring we should also use the word farshoring. And drop the word offshoring? As longs as offshoring and outsourcing is not mixed up, the problem is controllable?
Captive offshoring describes an alliance whereby ownership is in hands of the oversea’s initiator. The multinationals such as Shell, Unilever, Genral Motors and the large banks go for this type of offshoring. According to my perception, captive offshoring only gives information on the shareholding , not really on the activity.
I wonder whether it is necessary to introduce a new vocabulary. It may add to the frustration that is there already. Wouldn’t it be better that we all try to use the right words in the correct setting?
May I add something to increase the frustration somewhat? What about free zones and maquiladoras? They may, but do not have to be an offshore variety. It can, but does not have to be a captive offshoring activity.
Instead of offering a solution for a problem, I rather contribute to the frustration so that somebody else gets a chance to put his finger on the weakness.